1140型微分(fēn)離器水(shuǐ)分(fēn)離特性、遊離水(shuǐ)和(hé)微粒試驗（astm标準試驗方法d3948、d7224、d7261和(hé)d4860）（規範d1655和(hé)d7566中包括d3948）
爲了(le)進行質量控制，對(duì)燃料的(de)水(shuǐ)分(fēn)離特性進行評級，以确定存在的(de)表面活性材料（表面活性劑）的(de)數量。表面活性劑會降低用(yòng)于從燃料中除去水(shuǐ)的(de)過濾分(fēn)離器的(de)性能。水(shuǐ)的(de)存在會損害發動機性能并引發微生物(wù)生長(cháng)，從而導緻油箱腐蝕和(hé)燃油管路中的(de)濾清器堵塞。此外，出于質量控制的(de)目的(de)，燃料也(yě)要進行“清亮”試驗，以确定中間餾出物(wù)中遊離水(shuǐ)和(hé)顆粒物(wù)的(de)含量。
儀器和(hé)試驗說明(míng)
1140型微分(fēn)離儀是一種用(yòng)于進行四次離散試驗的(de)機電儀器。astm标準試驗方法d3948（jet）、d7224（jet）和(hé)d7261（diesel）用(yòng)于評定水(shuǐ)分(fēn)離特性，d4860（jet或diesel）用(yòng)于檢測和(hé)數值評定遊離水(shuǐ)和(hé)顆粒污染物(wù)。該儀器隻需使用(yòng)包含适當聚結器單元的(de)四個(gè)“六包”中的(de)一個(gè)就可(kě)以執行上述四個(gè)測試中的(de)每一個(gè)。
水(shuǐ)分(fēn)離特性
試驗方法d3948、d7224和(hé)d7261使用(yòng)濁度計、機械混合器和(hé)一次性聚結過濾器。樣品的(de)一部分(fēn)，在一個(gè)透明(míng)的(de)玻璃小瓶中，用(yòng)來(lái)設置儀表讀數爲100。小瓶中的(de)樣品被丢棄，小瓶被保留。
塑料注射器中的(de)樣品的(de)另一部分(fēn)用(yòng)于使用(yòng)混合器生成水(shuǐ)/燃料乳液。乳化(huà)液以編程速率通(tōng)過過濾器，一部分(fēn)收集在保留的(de)小瓶中。在濁度計中更換小瓶，并評定燃料的(de)分(fēn)水(shuǐ)特性。
将獲得(de)的(de)值與用(yòng)于将儀表設置爲100的(de)未處理(lǐ)樣品進行比較。額定值越高(gāo)，100爲值，表面活性劑含量越少。
遊離水(shuǐ)和(hé)微粒污染（清澈明(míng)亮）
試驗方法d4860将一部分(fēn)樣品通(tōng)過過濾介質，過濾介質收集在透明(míng)玻璃小瓶中。将小瓶放入濁度計中，并将儀表調整至100。處理(lǐ)過的(de)燃料被丢棄，一部分(fēn)未處理(lǐ)的(de)燃料被放入小瓶，小瓶被重新插入濁度計。較高(gāo)的(de)額定值（值爲100）表示自由水(shuǐ)和(hé)微粒較少。
“六包”測試消耗品，包括聚結器電池
顯示了(le)一個(gè)通(tōng)常稱爲“六包”的(de)盒子，其中包含六個(gè)測試套件。每個(gè)測試套件都包含真空包裝的(de)消耗品，用(yòng)于執行單個(gè)測試。每個(gè)聚結器/過濾器都貼有标簽，以識别燃料類型和(hé)使用(yòng)的(de)适用(yòng)astm方法。每六個(gè)包裝中還(hái)包括一個(gè)蒸餾水(shuǐ)容器，用(yòng)于進行水(shuǐ)分(fēn)離試驗。
model 1140 micro-separometerwater separation characteristic, free water and particulate testing (astm standard test methods d3948, d7224, d7261 & d4860)(d3948 is included in specifications d1655 and d7566)
for quality control purposes, water separation characteristics of fuels are rated to determine the amount of surface active materials (surfactants) present. surfactants degrade the performance of filter separators used to remove water from the fuel. the presence of water can impair engine performance and initiate microbiological growth, which can cause corrosion in tanks and filter plugging in fuel lines. also for quality control purposes, fuels are subjected to “clear & bright” tests to determine the amount of free water and particulate matter in mid-distillates.
deion of instrument & tests
the model 1140 micro-separometer is a electro-mechanical instrument used to perform four discrete tests. astm standard test methods d3948 (jet), d7224 (jet) and d7261 (diesel) are used to rate water separation characteristics and d4860 (jet or diesel) detects and numerically rates free water and particulate contamination. this instrument performs each of the four tests above simply by using one of the four “six packs” containing the proper coalescer cells.
water separation characteristic
test method d3948, d7224 and d7261 employs the use of a turbidimeter, a mechanical mixer, and a disposable coalescer filter. a portion of the sample, in a clear glass vial, is used to set the meter to read 100. the sample in the vial is discarded and the vial is retained.
another portion of the sample in a plastic syringe is used to create a water/fuel emulsion using the mixer. the emulsion is passed through the filter at a programmed rate and a portion is collected in the retained vial. the vial is replaced in the turbidimeter and the water separation characteristic of the fuel is rated.
the value obtained is compared to the unprocessed sample that was used to set the meter to 100. the higher the rating, 100 being the maximum, the less surfactant present.
free water and particulate contamination (clear& bright)
test method d 4860 passes a portion of the sample through a filter medium, which is collected in a clear glass, vial. the vial is placed in the turbidimeter and the meter is adjusted to 100. the processed fuel is discarded and a portion of the unprocessed fuel is placed in the vial, which is re-inserted in the turbidimeter. higher ratings, 100 is maximum, indicate that there is less free water and particulate present.
“six pack” test expendables including coalescer cells
a box commonly known as a “six pack” that contains six test kits is shown. each test kit contains vacuum packed expendables that are used to perform a single test. each coalescer/filter is labeled to identify the type of fuel and the applicable astm method to be used. a container of distilled water is also included in each six pack to perform water separation tests.
